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Reconsider the redirection of the study of “Mencius” in the Yuan and Ming dynasties – Taking the Hongwu Dynasty as a sympathy
Author: Sun Guang (Doctoral student in Chinese Department of Master Huadong)
Source: “Jianghan Academics”, Issue 1, 2020
Time: Confucius was the 17th day of the first lunar month of Gengzi
> Zhu Yuanzhang rejected the “Mencius” study of the Yuan Dynasty, which was “comprehensive and profound” but not practical, and advocated the “Book of Love” image of “Classic Essences” and “Secret Records”, and praised the “Mencius Essays” in the Yuan Dynasty. As one of the background characters, Ye Qiukong is simple, pure and directed by practical concepts. The purpose of this change is different from the requests of scholars in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties represented by Song Lian, and is also different from the situation of the development of “Mencius” in the middle and late Ming dynasties. The redirection of the study of “Mencius” in the Yuan and Ming dynasties actually occurred in the Hongwu Dynasty, not the Yongle Dynasty.
Keywords: Mencius study; Zhu Yuanzhang; Song Lian;
The development of Mencius study in the Yuan Dynasty has two main milestones: First, the scientific system focused on the “Four Books” and officially promoted “Mencius” to the “Mencius” to the “Mencius” and represented the completion of “Mencius’ upgrade movement” (Zhou Yutong’s “Comprehensive Comprehensive Commentary”). Second, Mencius’s position in Confucius was promoted from the “Ten Philosophers” to “Asia” 1, which was second only to the “Sacred Saint” of the Resurrection of the Saint, Zengzi of the Zongzi, and the Saint Son of the Saint, representing the position of Mencius in the Confucian sequel. It can be said that in the Yuan Dynasty, the study of Mencius truly became the focus of Confucianism and thinking. Under such circumstances, the Yuan Dynasty’s “Mencius” study achieved rapid development.
The development of “Mencius” during this period has always been one of the “Four Books”. Regarding the development of the “Four Books” in the Yuan Dynasty, the officials of the Siku Library said:
The people who interpreted the “Four Books” later, such as Zhen Dexiu and Cai Lu, were mainly engaged in inventing the principles and principles. Jin Luxiang started to write “Certificate of Annotations of Mencius in the Collection of Mencius”, and later included Du Ying’s “Certificate of Meng Meng”, Xue Yinian 2 “Certificate of Four Books”, Zhang Cunzhong’s “Certificate of Four Books”, and Zhan Daojie’s “Corporate of Four Books”, and began to study allusions to invent meanings. [1]734
“Inventing the principles” and “exploring allusions” are exactly the development paths that have been developed in the “Four Books” of the Yuan Dynasty. For the “invention”In the path of “Theory of Yi”, modern scholars combined their narratives into “the study of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the “school of the href=”https://twsweetdating99.org/”>Baobao.com single time The allusions in the “Four Books” are examined. The combination of these two is a good summary of the “Four Books General Code” by Zhang Cunzhong, a native of the Yuan Dynasty:
“The Notes on the Four Books” to understand the truth:
It is more concise and concise. As for the “Complete Collection”, the principle becomes more obscure. Teacher Hu, Yunfeng, went to the obscure and took the clarity of the principles, and then the principle becomes more and more comprehensive. Now, the “Fuyi” has been published and the matter becomes more and more complex. If you keep it, you will not be judged and concise, and go to the complex and concise, and then the matter is also more and more complete. [2]639
Wu Zhenzi’s “Four Books Collection” Zhao Ying’s “Four Books” are representative of “compilation and replication” and “bypass system”. The reason why Zhang Cunzhong calls “the more obscure the truth” and “the more complicated things” can be said to be the drawbacks of these two kinds of revisions. However, such as Hu Bingwen’s “Four Books” and Zhang Cunzhong’s “Four Books” and even Ni Shiyi’s “Four Books” later compiled, although it has many of the works of later generations. It is correct, but it still follows its style and has no major changes. In the Yongle period of Ming Dynasty, Hu Guang and others were ordered to compile the “Four Books Completed”, which is based on Ni Shiyi’s “Four Books Collection” as the blue version, and it is made up of the “Four Books Collection” and the two books that were leaked. Yanwu said: “The “Four Books Completed” was published, but it was said to be dead. ”[3]1010 This is exactly博官网Whether and not to mention no, but since then, all the academic transformation of Yuan and Ming dynasties has been basically said from “The Complete Works”. This concept has certain justice, and the main content of the “Four Books Complete Works” comes The “Four Books” originated from the Yuan Dynasty’s Ni Shiyi’s “Four Books” can be said to be directly the academic tradition of the Yuan Dynasty; secondly, the ordinary understanding of the Hongwu Dynasty’s academic and civilization has always been as Zhao Yi said in “Twenty-Two Historical Notes” that “many literati in the early Ming Dynasty did not serve”, “many political abuse” such as “in the early Ming Dynasty”. After the implementation of the history of “Mencius”, it was also basically inherited. This concept. As far as the author sees, in addition to the study of specific subjects, those who have clearly studied the “Mencius” of the Ming Dynasty from the perspective of academic history include “The Study of the History of Four Books” of Sano Gongzhi (Tokyo Creation Society, 1988), “The Study of the Mencius” of Dong Hongli (Jiangsu Ancient Books Book Club, 1997), and “China Bangladesh History Review (Social Science Literature Bookstore, 2004), Sun Kwokang’s “Examination of Mencius in the Ming Dynasty” (Scholars’ Degrees, Yangzhou Major, 2010), Chen Yuning’s “Bonglades’ Research on Bangladesh’s Pre- and Middle-Schools’ Research on Bangladesh’s Research on Bangladesh’s Pre-Middle and Mid-Schools’ (Scholars’ Degrees, Guanxi Master Fan Major, 2013), Huang Ying’s “The Study of Bangladesh in the late Ming Dynasty (Scholarship Degree, Master Xianxi, 2013), Wang Yuanyuan’s “Scholarship Degree Examination of Four Books in the Late Ming Dynasty” (Scholarship Degree, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, a slack young man was found in the branches of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences., 2013), Zhou Bingbing’s “Scholarship Degree Study of Mencius in the Ming Dynasty” (Scholarship Degree, Master Xianzhou, 2015), has a total of eight commentaries. In the eight-part discussion, only Master Sano Gongzhun had a profound discussion on the system of science, which can be regarded as an interview with the Hongwu dynasty; the other is that Chen Yuning&#
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